That mushroom piston looking fitting on the top looks like the suction plunger from a hand operated, cast iron pitcher hand pump, that could be used either next to the kitchen sink, or outside attached to a shallow well pipe of 32' or less.
You know a pitcher handle pump like this can still be purchased new for like $75, and could be used at an unheated/unoccupied camp in the winter as a water source with a shallow well pipe, because about ten minutes after last use, it loses prime, and all the water drains down the well pipe, way down 10'-20'-30' deep, safe from freezing. And, these pitcher handle pumps have more start-up draw power than the standard 1/2hp electric motor with water pump-impeller design, and can be easier to start with a couple gallons of water for priming.
https://www.walmart.com/ip/Green-Hand-Pitcher-Pump/
Every pitcher handle pump seems to have its own personality; some are very easy and some are almost impossible to get them going, which depends on the condition of the washer leather, and the depth to get to water.?